Probability is the chance of something to happen.

A very good example for is when you toss a coin. When a coin is tossed, you either get a tail or a head. In short, you have two possible outcomes. So the possibility of you tossing a tail is 1 in 2 or ½. The same is true with tossing a head that is also 1 in 2 or 1/2.

It would then be safe to say that the formula of probability is this:

     = Number of ways it can happen
        Total number of outcomes

Example:

1. There are 6 bars of chocolate in a box. 4 are white chocolates and 2 are dark chocolates. What is the
   probability of picking a white chocolate?

   Solution:

   There are 6 total bars of chocolates.

   There are only 4 white chocolates.

   = 4/6

   = 0.67

2. There are 3 plates in the dishwasher. 1 is a round shaped and the other 2 are square shaped. What is the
   probability of getting a round plate?

   Solution:

   There are 3 plates.

   There is only 1 round plate.

   = 1/3

   = 0.33

3. You have 5 pairs of socks in the drawer. 3 of the pairs are knee length and 2 are ankle length. What is the
   probability that a knee length pair will be picked?

   Solution:

   There are 5 pairs of socks.

   There are 3 pairs of knee length socks.

   = 3/5

   = 0.6

4. In the kitchen drawer, there are 10 utensils. 4 spoons, 3 forks and 3 knives. What is the probability that a spoon is picked?

   Solution:

   There are 10 utensils.

   There are 4 spoons.

   = 4/10

   = 0.4

5. In an animal adoption center, a pet dog just gave birth to 10 cute little puppies. 6 with black spots and 4 without spots. What is the probability that a puppy with black spots will be selected?

   Solution:

   There are 10 puppies.

   6 puppies have black spots

   = 6/10

   = 0.6